On pages 126-130 the volatility of Double Exposure and Early Surrender blackjack is described. The large magnitudes of the effects of removal of different cards with these rules resulted in much faster changes in advantage than in ordinary blackjack. A natural consequence was that casinos took bad beatings in each of these games: early surrender is not likely to reappear except by occasional and temporary mistake, while the rules for double exposure have
been greatly restricted so that there is little current interest in the game.
Two other variations in the rules which do remain common are worth discussing in the context of their impact on the volatility of player advantage. Compare the following figures with those on page.
If doubling down after pair splitting is permitted, the major changes are greater effects for removing a 4 or 5 (by +.02) and a ten (by -.O1). Thus this rule also results in slightly greater volatility. The effects of removal on the blackjack bonus quoted in Appendix E, page 202, would also apply in the 2 to 1 blackjack payoff giveaway at Binion's Horseshoe in Las Vegas the week before Christmas: to the effects above, for dealer hitting soft 17, add -.49 for an ace, -.06 for a ten, and +.09 for all the others.